, 0 (CK), 50, 100, 150 and 200 mmol·L-1. Results revealed that, compared with CK, the salt concentrations of 50 and 100 mmol·L-1 increased the utmost carboxylation rate (Vc maximum) while the optimum electron transport rate (Jmax), as the sodium levels of 150 and 200 mmol·L-1 notably reduced Vc max and Jmax. The net photosynthetic price (Pn), mesophyll conductance (gm) and dark respiration rate (Rd) gradually decreased with all the increases of salt concentration. Weighed against CK, the salt levels of 50 and 100 mmol·L-1 would not impact gm, but dramatically reduced Pn and Rd. The sodium levels of 150 and 200 mmol·L-1 significantly decreased Pn, gm and Rd, that have been dramatically distinct from the salt levels of 0, 50 and 100 mmol·L-1. Pn of cotton fiber seedlings under different sodium levels had been simulated by the FvCB model. In contrast to the outcomes through the FvCB design without deciding on gm, the FvCB design with gm enhanced the dedication coefficient between your simulated and measured values and reduced the mean absolute mistake. The salinity limit of cotton seedlings ranged between 100 and 150 mmol·L-1. Utilizing the increases of salt focus, the limiting factor of leaf photosynthesis changed from mesophyll conductance to impaired elements of photosynthetic equipment. The FvCB design combined gm could improve precision of photosynthesis simulation.Semi-arid region of Northwest Asia is described as barren earth, with large pH and high carbonate content. Saline-alkali land is very easily created in this region, which inhibits soil microbial activity and outcomes in soil nutrient loss. To enhance soil health of this type, effects of intercropping alfalfa and triticale on rhizosphere soil vitamins and microbial neighborhood structure were analyzed though a three-consecutive-year experiment. The outcome revealed that soil organic matter (SOM) content of alfalfa rhizosphere in intercropping was somewhat more than that in monoculture, while pH and readily available potassium (AK) content were less than that in monoculture. The levels of SOM, readily available nitrogen (AN), offered phosphate (AP) and AK of triticale rhizosphere in intercropping had been dramatically greater than those in monoculture. The bacterial sequences, OTUs, richness, and diversity of alfalfa and triticale in rhizosphere soil were all more than those who work in monoculture. At phylum level, Proteobacteriicale intercropping is an effective strategy to enhance soil wellness in semi-arid region of Northwest China.Canopy nitrogen content in wheat is a vital signal of wheat grain yield and quality. When making use of remote sensing technology to predict wheat canopy nitrogen content, a hyperspectral mode with a high adaptability and high reliability is needed to increase the inversion performance. We created a new three-band spectral plant life index (NEW-NDRE) by combining a two-band spectral index NDRE as well as the spectral reflectance at 550 nm predicated on industry data gathered from different websites, years, with different types and nitrogen amounts and also at multiple growth phases. The NEW-NDRE was weighed against 11 standard spectral plant life indices in terms of wheat canopy nitrogen content inversion. NEW-NDRE and three standard indices (NDRE, NDDA and RI-1dB) all closely correlated with grain canopy nitrogen content. NEW-NDRE displayed the best correlation with grain canopy nitrogen content at early grain filling phase, with a coefficient (R2) of 0.9 and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.4. The inversion model developed with the NEW-NDRE ended up being validated with an unbiased dataset. The general error (RE) for the design had been 9.3%, that was dramatically lower than compared to NDRE, NDDA and RI-1dB. Generally, NEW-NDRE is a far more sturdy index for wheat Refrigeration canopy nitrogen content inversion than old-fashioned indices through eliminating environmental restriction, plus it might be made use of as a fresh device for accurate fertilizer application.Based on everyday meteorological data and agro-meteorological information in three provinces of Northeast Asia during 1981-2017, combined with chilling injury indices, we analyzed the spatial-temporal distribution attributes of solar, temperature, precipitation resources and sterile-type chilling injury in rice-growing season, particularly in the booting and flowering phases. In 1981-2017, agriculture climatic resources in rice-growing season revealed a warming, drying and darkening trend. Accumulated temperature (≥10 ℃) and sunshine hours increased with a rate of 73.5 ℃·d·(10 a)-1 and 17.7 h·(10 a)-1 correspondingly, while precipitation reduced with a rate of 8.9 mm·(10 a)-1. In the booting stage, farming climatic sources revealed a warming, drying and dar-kening trend. Daily average temperature enhanced 0.27 ℃·(10 a)-1 and sunshine hours and preci-pitation decreased 2.06 h·(10 a)-1 and 1.90 mm·(10 a)-1 correspondingly. At the flowering phase, agricultural climatic resources revealed a trend of heating, wetting and darkening. Daily climate increased with an interest rate of 0.12 ℃·(10 a)-1, while sunshine hours decreased with an interest rate of 0.83 h·(10 a)-1. As opposed to that in the booting phase, precipitation in the flowering stage increased with a rate of 1.35 mm·(10 a)-1. Underneath the background of climate heating, the regularity and power of rice sterile-type chil-ling injury decreased in most regions, with significant inter-decadal fluctuations. Through the study period, the regularity and intensity of sterile-type chil-ling injury were the greatest in Heilongjiang Province, moderate in Jilin Province, and also the cheapest in Liaoning Province.We investigated the effects of interplanting on soil aggregate distribution and stability of red earth in economic orchard in a new-constructed slope land, according to 12 kiwifruit planting experi-mental plots with a slope of approximately 12°, a length of 18 m, and a width of 1.5 m. Three kinds of interplanting patterns were implemented by interplanting purple sweet potato (PSP), hairy vetch (HV), and weeds (W) for 36 months, correspondingly, taking the bare land without any plant life as control (CK) to determine the aggregate indicators at 0-15 cm earth layer. The outcome showed that the amount and size of soil liquid stabilized aggregates (WR>0.25) all tended to increase which rated in the near order of PSP>HV>W>CK. The order of soil aggregate construction damage rate (PAD) and fractal measurement (D) had been CK>W>HV>PSP, showing that earth aggregate in PSP ended up being the essential stable, followed closely by HV treatment.
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